Fixing & Washing Chart |
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Processing Sequences |
Fixer Capacity† |
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Material |
Dilution |
Clearfix |
Rinse |
Clearwash |
Wash |
Archival |
Commercial |
Film* |
1+4 |
2-5min |
--- |
--- |
4 min |
25 |
25 |
Film* |
1+4 |
2-5min |
1 min |
3 min |
3 min |
30 |
30 |
RC paper* |
1+4 |
1 min |
--- |
--- |
2 min |
30 |
80 |
RC paper* |
1+7 |
1.5-2 min |
--- |
--- |
2 min |
30 |
80 |
RC paper |
1+4 |
1 min |
1 min |
3 min |
2 min |
80 |
80 |
FB paper |
1+4 |
1 min |
--- |
--- |
20 min |
15 |
40 |
FB paper* |
1+4 |
1 min |
1 min |
5 min |
10 min |
50 |
60 |
FB paper* |
1+4 |
1 min |
5 min |
10 min |
5 min |
40** |
60** |
FB paper |
1+7 |
2 min |
1 min |
10 min |
10 min |
40 |
60 |
*Recommended processing sequences.
**Ilford sequence.
† Fixer capacity
is indicated for the maximum archival processing standard. When processing
materials for less permanent applications, the processing capacity may be
increased to the specified commercial level. The fixer capacity is indicated as
number of 80 square inch materials in each liter of working strength fixer. 35mm
36exp film, 120 film and 8x10 film are approximately 80 square inches. 8x10
paper is 80 square inches.
Some films and papers require a longer time to fix. As a general guide, fast tabular grain films tend to require a longer fixing time than conventional grain films. Also, bromide paper emulsions tend to require longer fixing time than more common chlorobromide papers. When using these products, fixing time should be extended. Although we have not investigated all photographic products, some of known products are described below.
Kodak Kodabromide paper (discontinued) may require as much as 2 minutes fixing time in Clearfix (1+4) and 5 minutes in Clearfix (1+7). Kodak recommends 5 minutes fixing time in Kodak Rapid Fixer (1+7) and 10 minutes in Kodak Fixer.
Ilford Delta 400 film tends to require significantly longer fixing time than most other films in all fixers we tested. Give 5-8 minutes fixing time with continuous or frequent intermittent agitation in Clearfix (1+4).
For other products, refer to the information sheet for the film or paper to check whether a particular product requires a longer fixing time.